What can excessive biological activity in wastewater lead to during treatment?

Excessive biological activity in wastewater treatment can lead to increased levels of hydrogen sulfide. This situation arises when anaerobic bacteria break down organic materials, producing hydrogen sulfide as a byproduct of their metabolic processes. Elevated concentrations of hydrogen sulfide can be problematic due to its toxicity and characteristic foul odor, which are detrimental to both the treatment process and the surrounding environment.

It is important to manage biological activity carefully to maintain optimal conditions in the treatment system. While increased biological activity generally enhances the breakdown of organic matter, an imbalance or overload—particularly in anaerobic conditions—can shift the process and result in harmful byproducts like hydrogen sulfide rather than leading to reduced treatment costs, lower sludge volume, or improved nutrient removal.