What is the definition of flocculation?

Flocculation is defined as the gathering of fine particles to form larger aggregates known as flocs. This process is crucial in water treatment and is commonly used in the removal of suspended solids from water. During flocculation, chemicals called flocculants are added to the water, which help to bind the tiny particles together. As these particles collide and stick to one another, they create larger, more easily removed clumps. This is an essential step in purifying water, as these larger particles can then be more efficiently removed by subsequent processes, such as sedimentation or filtration.

In contrast, the other options describe different processes related to water treatment but do not accurately represent what flocculation entails. For instance, dissolving solids pertains to how substances mix in a solvent rather than forming larger aggregates. The removal of water from solids is related to dewatering processes, not flocculation. Lastly, filtration involves separating solid particles from liquids but does not involve the initial aggregation of fine particles. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify why the correct choice focuses specifically on the aggregation of particles rather than their dissolution, removal, or filtration.