Which process involves adding chemicals to enhance coagulation and sedimentation?

Enhanced primary treatment involves adding chemicals to improve the processes of coagulation and sedimentation. In this context, coagulation is the process by which small particles clump together, while sedimentation refers to the settling of these larger particles out of the water. By enhancing these processes, the treatment can effectively remove a significant amount of suspended solids and some dissolved substances from the water.

The addition of chemicals, such as coagulants, assists in aggregating smaller particles, leading to more efficient removal during sedimentation. This process is particularly important in wastewater treatment facilities, as it helps to prepare the water for subsequent treatment steps and ultimately leads to better water quality outcomes. Enhanced primary treatment is designed to optimize physical and chemical processes, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the primary treatment stage.

Other processes listed focus on different stages of wastewater treatment or are intended for different objectives; for instance, primary treatment generally involves physical processes without the addition of chemicals. Advanced secondary treatment is designed for biological processes to further treat the effluent after primary treatment, and filtration usually deals with removing remaining particles without the chemical enhancement aspect that enhanced primary treatment involves.